Engineered to Fail: Dissecting the Tokenomic Patterns That Doom New Layer-1 Blockchains
Dozens of new Layer-1 blockchains launch each year with credible technical documentation and aggressive marketing, yet a striking proportion collapse or become functionally irrelevant within eighteen months of their mainnet debut. The cause is rarely the technology. More often, the failure is written into the economic architecture from the beginning — in vesting schedules, validator incentives, and founder allocation structures that create irreconcilable conflicts between insiders and the broade